Kilauea, one of five coalescing volcanoes that comprise the island of Hawaii, is one of the world's most active volcanoes. Eruptions at Kilauea originate primarily from the summit caldera or along one of the lengthy E and SW rift zones that extend from the caldera to the sea. About 90% of the surface of Kilauea is formed by lava flows less than about 1,100 years old; 70% of the volcano's surface is younger than 600 years. The latest Kilauea eruption began in January 1983 along the E rift zone. This long-term ongoing eruption from Pu`u `O`o-Kupaianaha has produced lava flows that have traveled 11-12 km from the vents to the sea, paving about 104 km2 of land on the S flank of Kilauea and building 207 hectares of new land.
Recent activity: 12-17 February 2004, lava flows and incandescence were sometimes visable in Pu`u `O`o's crater, the rootless shield complex (an area ~0.5 km SW of Pu`u `O`o), and the upper area of the Mother's Day lava tube (SW of Pu`u `O`o). Weak background tremor occurred at Kilauea's summit along with a few long-period earthquakes. Tremor at Pu`u `O`o was at moderate-to-low levels. Small deflation and inflation events occurred at the summit and at Pu`u `O`o.
posted to Volcanoes. at Fri Feb 27 07:45:24 -0500 2004.
the most active volcano of Kamchatka's eastern volcanic zone, is a symmetrical stratovolcano constructed within a 5-km-wide caldera that formed about 7,600-7,700 radiocarbon years ago. Construction of the Karymsky stratovolcano began about 2,000 years later. The latest eruptive period began about 500 years ago, following a 2,300-year quiescence. Much of the cone is mantled by lava flows less than 200 years old. Historical eruptions have been Vulcanian or Vulcanian-Strombolian with moderate explosive activity and occasional lava flows from the summit crater. Most seismicity preceding Karymsky eruptions has originated beneath Akademia Nauk caldera, which is located immediately S of Karymsky volcano and erupted simultaneously with Karymsky in 1996.
Recent Activity: Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 6-13 February 2004, with 30-190 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. Based on interpretations of seismic data, four possible ash-and-gas explosions produced plumes to ~6.5 km a.s.l. on 10 February. According to data from the Airport Meteorological Center in Yelizovo, on 9 and 12 February 2004 pilots saw ash plumes that rose to ~5.5 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.
posted to Volcanoes. at Wed Feb 25 07:33:41 EST 2004.
19.514°N,103.62°W; summit elev. ~3,850 m
The Colima volcanic complex is the most prominent volcanic center of the western Mexican Volcanic Belt. It consists of two southward-younging volcanoes, Nevado de Colima (the 4,320 m high point of the complex) on the N and the historically active Volcán de Colima on the S. Volcán de Colima (also known as Volcán Fuego) is a youthful stratovolcano constructed within a 5-km-wide caldera, breached to the S, that has been the source of large debris avalanches. Major slope failures have occurred repetitively from both the Nevado and Colima cones, and have produced a thick apron of debris-avalanche deposits on three sides of the complex. Frequent historical eruptions have mostly originated from Colima's summit crater. The current eruptive episode began in November 1998 and has included summit lava-dome growth, block lava flows, pyroclastic flows, and intermittent explosive activity.
Legend has it that gods sit atop the volcano on thrones of fire and ice.
Recent activity:
During 13-19 October 2004, block-lava flows continued to travel down Colima's N, W, NW, and S flanks as they have since 30 September. Several explosions occurred daily. By 16 October, the block-lava flows on the N flank reached at least 1,500 m long and about 150 m wide, and on the WNW flank block-lava reached at least 600 m long and 200 m wide at its widest point. During the report period, block-and-ash flows spilling from the fronts of the advancing block-lava flows on the W flank reached ~2 km from the summit. Sulfur-dioxide flux reached a maximum value of about 880 tons on 15 October.
The Universidad de Colima reported that as of 10 February 2004 about five explosions occurred at Colima daily, which was slightly more than during the previous few months. Ash columns rose 2-3 km above the crater and predominately drifted NE and ENE. A significant explosion on 9 February at 0958 produced a plume to ~3.6 km above the volcano that drifted NE. According to the Washington VAAC, during 12-17 February ash plumes were sometimes visible on satellite imagery at a maximum height of ~3 km above the crater. All times are local (= UTC - 6 hours)
posted to Volcanoes. at Wed Feb 25 02:01:41 -0500 2004.
Bezymianny, Kamchatka, Russia Location: 55.98N, 160.58E Elevation: 9,453 feet (2,882 m)
Bezymianny Volcano smokes quietly on September 22, 2000, in this view from the Landsat 7 satellite. Bezymianny began erupting in February 2000, and has been moderately active since. On January 13, 2004, a relatively large eruption sent an ash plume 6 kilometers into the air. This activity continues a trend that began in 1955, when the eastern flank of the volcano collapsed in a catastrophic eruption similar to that of Mount Saint Helens in 1980. The resulting crater has been partially filled by a lava dome (easily seen in the above image) that continues to grow.
Just to the north stands Klyuchevskaya Sopka, the tallest volcano in Eurasia (4,750 meters).
The volcanoes on the Kamchatka Peninsula are some of the most active on Earth. Located on the western edge of the North Pacific, Kamchatka lies along the “Ring of Fire,†a zone of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes on the edges of the Pacific Ocean. In mid-January 2004 at least four volcanoes in the region were erupting: Bezymianny and Klyuchevskaya Sopka as well as Shiveluch and Karymsky.
posted to Volcanoes. at Sat Jan 17 15:32:46 -0500 2004.
Earth Observatory: An intrusion of black, contorted rocks spills over the Snake River Plain in southeastern Idaho, smothering the desert sagebrush and halting the encroaching farms. The occasional Juniper tree, scraggy and tenacious, clings to the uneven mounds of cooled lava, while tiny patches of small wildflowers find root in the loose soil the wind drops in crags in the landscape. The unearthly landscape appears so foreign and grim that the place has been saddled with the name “Craters of the Moon.” Indeed, NASA sent three Apollo astronauts to train for lunar exploration on the desolate flow. It is a fortunate appellation—a similar, though less forbidding flow to the east earned the title “Hell’s Half-Acre.”
The Craters of the Moon is a crescent-shaped lava field nestled against the foothills of the Pioneer Mountain Range in southern Idaho. President Coolidge established the Craters of the Moon National Monument in the northern section of the field (the top of the crescent) on May 2, 1924, and President Clinton expanded it on November 9, 2000. Covering 618 square miles, Craters is the largest young basaltic lava field in the conterminous United States. Stretches of jagged rocks, black, glistening rope-like folds of pahoehoe, and large, uneven squares of blocky pahoehoe are at once beautiful and daunting. Cinder cones and spatter cones rise above the sea of strangely shaped black rocks. Lava tubes tunnel beneath the surface, providing a labyrinth of linked caves.
The Craters of the Moon and other lava flows in southern Idaho poured out of the Great Rift, a volcanic zone of cracks in the Earth’s crust that runs approximately 62 miles from the northwest corner of the Snake River Plain to the southeast. Its course is marked by cinder cones, lava cones, eruptive fissures, and shield volcanoes. The Great Rift was not violently explosive; rather, it quietly laid down thick blankets of molten rock. The Craters of the Moon is made up of over 60 different lava flows, the most recent of which is about 2,100 years old, and the oldest of which is 15,000 years old. Based on the geologic history of the region, another eruption is due within the next 1,000 years, perhaps as soon as 200 years from now.
This true-color Landsat 7 image was taken on August 14, 2000. To the northeast of the Craters of the Moon, in the lower right corner of the image, the Big Southern Butte rises out of the desert. At 2,500 feet, the large volcanic dome served as a prominent landmark for pioneers traveling through the Snake River Plain on the Oregon Trail. A green and gold ribbon of agricultural fields snakes away from the lava flow in the top left corner of the image, while the Pioneer Mountain Range is gathered in the upper right corner.
Data provided by the Landsat 7
Team at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center
posted to Volcanoes. at Sun Nov 16 13:45:32 -0500 2003.
via arenal.net:The conical Volcan Arenal is the youngest stratovolcano in Costa Rica and one of its most active. The 1657 meters (1 meter = 3.28 feet) high andesitic volcano towers above the eastern shores of Lake Arenal, which has been enlarged by a hydroelectric project (map by Hydroconsult). Arenal was constructed by successive eruptions to the NW (10.463‹N, 84.703‹W) of the older Chato volcano, which contains a 500 meters wide summit crater. The earliest known eruptions of Arenal took place about 7,000 years ago, and the two volcanoes were active concurrently until the activity of Chato ended about 3,500 years ago. Growth of Arenal has been characterized by periodic major explosive eruptions at several-hundred-year intervals and periods of lava effusion that armor the cone. Volcan Arenal most recent eruptive period began with a major explosive eruption in 1968. Continuous explosive eruption activity accompanied by slow lava effusion and the occasional emission of pyroclastic flows (avalanche of hot gases, rocks and ashes) has occurred since then from vents at the summit and on the upper western flank. It's eruptions are of the strombolian type (name after the volcano Stromboli in Italy: A type of volcanic activity which produces frequent, moderate eruptions.
posted to Volcanoes. at Sat Sep 06 18:51:00 -0400 2003.
Soufriere Hills, Montserrat, West Indies Location: 16.7N, 62.2W Elevation: 3,002 feet (915 m) Last Updated: June 19, 2003 More Information Pyroclastic flows from Montserrat dome collapses have flowed down the White River creating a new delta where they entered the sea. It is uncertain if this delta will survive or be eroded by seawaves. Steve O'Meara of Volcano Watch International. Click here for a map ... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:21:00 EDT 2003.
Monaro Volcanic Province, New South Wales, Australia Location: 35S, 15E The Monaro Volcanic Province in southeastern New South Wales, Australia. The province covers an area of 4200 square km. At least 630 cubic km of lava and pyroclasts were erupted during the 20 million-year long history (57.5 - 34.0 million years ago) of the province. Erosion has cut deeply into the volcanic rocks. In some areas 300 to 600 feet (100-200 m) of material has been removed from the top of the volcanic province. This photo shows the Brothers volcanic plugs. The plugs... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:20:00 EDT 2003.
Momotombo, Nicaragua Location: 12.4N, 86.5W Elevation: 4,126 feet (1,258 m) Last updated: April 12, 1996 Photograph of Momotombo by James Walker, Northern Illinois University. Momotombo is stratovolcano near the center of the volcanic arc that passes through western Nicaragua. Last month geophysicists noted a slight increase in the number of earthquakes beneath the volcano. Earlier this month the number of earthquakes increased to a high level, reaching 100 per day and including events as large as magnitude 3.5. Residents near the volcano reported... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:20:00 EDT 2003.
Aerial view of Moffett from the north. Photo by U.S. Navy. Plate 11 of Coats (1956). Moffett is a Holocene stratovolcano that has not erupted in historic time. Moffett, Andrew Bay, and Adagdak form the northern peninsula of Adak Island. Moffett consists of thick andesite flows, flank domes, and a basaltic parasitic cone. Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:20:00 EDT 2003.
Milos, Greece Location: 36.7N, 24.4E Elevation: 751 m
Distribution and type of volcanic vents on Milos. Simplified from Fytikas and others (1986). Milos is a Pliocene to Holocene stratovolcano with no historic eruptions. Effusive rocks (domes and lava flows) make up most of the island. Solfataras and fumeroles, some with temperatures up to 100 degrees C, are active on the island. There are sulfur mines on the southeast coast. Chemical composition of rhyolite lava from Milos (from Georgalas, 1962): SiO2 TiO2 Al2O3 FeO MnO ... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:20:00 EDT 2003.
Mojanda, Ecuador Location: 0.1N, 78.3W Mojanda is a stratovolcano in the Eastern Cordillera of the Andes (0.1N 78.3W). A single dated eruption for this volcano occurred 1,450 years ago. Mojanda has not erupted in historical time. Other Images of Mojanda Landsat Image of Mojanda Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:20:00 EDT 2003.
Mikeno, Uganda Location: 1.417 S, 29.41 E Elevation: 14,370 ft. (4,380 m) Mikeno is located in the Bufumbira field, an easterly part of the Virunga volcanic complex located in the western branch of the East African Rift Valley. The lava flows of Mikeno date from about 2.6 Ma to its youngest 0.2 Ma. Map of Virunga Volcanic Complex Source of Information: De Mulder, M.; 1986 K-Ar geochronology of the Karisimbi volcano (Virunga, Rwanda-Zaire; J. Afr. Earth Sci.; p.575-76.
Meru, Tanzania Location: 3.25S, 36.75E Elevation: 15,000 ft (4565 m) Meru is a stratovolcano in Tanzania. Its history has been quite explosive. It has had four eruptions, the last of which occurred in 1910. Lava erupted from Meru varies from thin flows to thick intusive domes. The main cone of the volcano has a caldera which is 2.2 miles (3.5 km) in diameter. It has a huge breach on its eastern side. A graben runs down the side of the volcano from this breach. Many debris flows came through the breach in the caldera. These cover 1500 sq... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:19:00 EDT 2003.
Methana, Greece Location: 37.6N, 23.3E Elevation: 760 m Shuttle Imaging Radar-A (SIR-A) image 10060515 looking southwest towards the peninsula of Methana. Image taken on November 19, 1981. Simplified geologic map of Methana from Georgalas (1962). The peninsula of Methana is made of lava domes and lava flows. Volcanism began in the late Tertiary or early Quaternary. The most recent activity has been at Kameno Vouno, on the Northwest part of the peninsula. There was an explosive eruption at this vent in 258 BC. The eruption also produced a dome and... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:19:00 EDT 2003.
Merriam Cone is a cinder cone that also erupted three lava flows . One flow dammed the Little Colorado River 7.5 miles (12 km) to the northeast. The flow continued an additional 15 miles (24 km) down the canyon. This flows has been dated at 150,000 years old. This area was used to train Apollo astronauts because of the variety of volcanic landforms available. Photo by Steve Mattox, 1989. Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:19:00 EDT 2003.
Mount Michael, South Sandwich Islands Location: 57.8S, 26.5W Elevation: 3,250 feet (990 m) Mount Michael is a mostly ice-covered stratovolcano. A crater (diameter: 2,300 feet, 700 m) and somma ridge are located at the summit. An explosive eruption was reported at the central vent in 1819. Vapor emissions were observed in 1820 and 1964. -Steve Mattox Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:19:00 EDT 2003.
Merbabu, Java, Indonesia Location: 7.5S, 110.4E Elevation: 10,315 feet (3,145 m) Merbabu is a stratovolcano in central Java with two explosive eruptions in 1560 and 1797. An explosive eruption was reported in 1570 but not confirmed. Explosions from the 1797 eruption were moderate in size (Volcanic Explosivity Index = 2) . Source of Information: Simkin, T., and Siebert, L., 1994, Volcanoes of the World: Geoscience Press, Tucson, Arizona, 349 p. Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:19:00 EDT 2003.
Mere Lava, Vanuatu Location: 14.5S, 168.1E Elevation: 3,372 feet (1,028 m) Mere Lava is a Holocene stratovolcano with no definite eruptions in historic time. An eruption may have occurred in 1606 but it has not been confirmed. Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:19:00 EDT 2003.
Menengai, Kenya Location: 0.20S, 36.07E Elevation: 7472 ft. (2278 m) This black and white picture is a mosaic of two airphotos showing the general geology and the roughness of different lava flows on the caldera's floor. Menengai consists of a caldera located on a shield volcano in the Kenya Rift Valley. The roughly 5 mile (8 km) wide caldera is complex in outline, suggesting that there were different periods of collapse for each part. There are remains of small cinder cones on the floor of the caldera; some showing fumarole ... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:19:00 EDT 2003.
Merapi, Java, Indonesia Location: 7.5S, 110.4E Elevation: 9,548 feet (2,911 m) Last Updated: 29 December 2000 More Information Merapi is a stratovolcano in central Java. Merapi has had 68 historic eruption since 1548. The current eruption began in 1987. Because of Merapi's violent past and its close proximity to Yogyakarta it was designated a Decade Volcano and is the target of increased research efforts. Photo by Jack Lockwood, U.S. Geological Survey, September 6, 1982. ... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:19:00 EDT 2003.
Mashu, Hokkaido, Japan Location: 43.6N, 144.6E Elevation: 2,805 feet (855 m) Paul J. Buklarewicz . Location map for the Kutcharo and Mashu calderas from Newhall and Dzurisin (1988). Space Shuttle photo STS059-0154-0113 looking southwest across east Hokkaido. Mashu. Photograph by Mike Lyvers
Space Shuttle photo STS059-0207-0037 of the Shibetsu area. Source of Information: Newhall, C.G., and Dzurisin, D., 1988, Historical unrest at large calderas of the world: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1855,... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:18:00 EDT 2003.
McCartys Flow, Zuni - Bandera Volcanic Field, New Mexico Location: 35.0N, 107.8W Elevation: 6,400-6,500 feet (1,950-1,980 m)
Miocene to Holocene volcanic fields and the Jemez lineament. From Ander and others (1981). 1. Springerville 4. Jemez Mountains 7. Raton-Clayton 2. Zuni-Bandera 5. Taos 3. Mount Taylor 6. Ocate The Zuni - Bandera volcanic field is located in eastern New Mexico near the Jemez lineament. The Jemez lineament is the surface expression of a weakness in the crust. The Zuni - Bandera volcanic field trends... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:18:00 EDT 2003.
North and South Menan Buttes are two of the world's largest tuff cones. Their volumes are 0.16 cubic miles (0.70 cubic km) and 0.07 cubic miles (0.30 cubic km), respectively. Diamond Head. a better known tuff cone, has a volume of 0.15 cubic miles (0.6 cubic km). Photo by Mike Lovas, NASA-Ames, 1969. Figure 5-67 in Greeley, 1977. The deposits that make the cones are fairly uniform and without structures or with thin beds. The tuff is lapilli -size particles made... Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
posted to Volcanoes. at Tue Jul 22 12:18:00 EDT 2003.
Elevation: 9,453 feet (2,882 m) Bezymianny Volcano smokes quietly on September 22, 2000, in this view from the Landsat 7 satellite. Bezymianny began erupting in February 2000, and has been moderately active since. On January 13, 2004, a relatively large eruption sent an ash plume 6 kilometers into the air. This activity continues a trend that began in 1955, when the eastern flank of the volcano collapsed in a catastrophic eruption similar to that of Mount Saint Helens in 1980. The resulting crater has been partially filled by a lava dome (easily seen in the above image) that continues to grow. Just to the north stands Klyuchevskaya Sopka, the tallest volcano in Eurasia (4,750 meters). The volcanoes on the Kamchatka Peninsula are some of the most active on Earth. Located on the western edge of the North Pacific, Kamchatka lies along the “Ring of Fire,†a zone of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes on the edges of the Pacific Ocean. In mid-January 2004 at least four volcanoes in the region were erupting: Bezymianny and Klyuchevskaya Sopka as well as Shiveluch and Karymsky.
Data provided by the Landsat 7 Team at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center
Elevation: 3,002 feet (915 m)
Last Updated: June 19, 2003
More Information Pyroclastic flows from Montserrat dome collapses have flowed down the White River creating a new delta where they entered the sea. It is uncertain if this delta will survive or be eroded by seawaves. Steve O'Meara of Volcano Watch International. Click here for a map ...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
The Monaro Volcanic Province in southeastern New South Wales, Australia. The province covers an area of 4200 square km. At least 630 cubic km of lava and pyroclasts were erupted during the 20 million-year long history (57.5 - 34.0 million years ago) of the province. Erosion has cut deeply into the volcanic rocks. In some areas 300 to 600 feet (100-200 m) of material has been removed from the top of the volcanic province. This photo shows the Brothers volcanic plugs. The plugs...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
Elevation: 4,126 feet (1,258 m) Last updated: April 12, 1996
Photograph of Momotombo by James Walker, Northern Illinois University. Momotombo is stratovolcano near the center of the volcanic arc that passes through western Nicaragua. Last month geophysicists noted a slight increase in the number of earthquakes beneath the volcano. Earlier this month the number of earthquakes increased to a high level, reaching 100 per day and including events as large as magnitude 3.5. Residents near the volcano reported...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
Elevation: 3,923 feet (1,196 m)
Aerial view of Moffett from the north. Photo by U.S. Navy. Plate 11 of Coats (1956). Moffett is a Holocene stratovolcano that has not erupted in historic time. Moffett, Andrew Bay, and Adagdak form the northern peninsula of Adak Island. Moffett consists of thick andesite flows, flank domes, and a basaltic parasitic cone.
Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
Elevation: 751 m
Distribution and type of volcanic vents on Milos. Simplified from Fytikas and others (1986). Milos is a Pliocene to Holocene stratovolcano with no historic eruptions. Effusive rocks (domes and lava flows) make up most of the island. Solfataras and fumeroles, some with temperatures up to 100 degrees C, are active on the island. There are sulfur mines on the southeast coast. Chemical composition of rhyolite lava from Milos (from Georgalas, 1962): SiO2 TiO2 Al2O3 FeO MnO ...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
Mojanda is a stratovolcano in the Eastern Cordillera of the Andes (0.1N 78.3W). A single dated eruption for this volcano occurred 1,450 years ago. Mojanda has not erupted in historical time. Other Images of Mojanda Landsat Image of Mojanda
Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
Elevation: 14,370 ft. (4,380 m)
Mikeno is located in the Bufumbira field, an easterly part of the Virunga volcanic complex located in the western branch of the East African Rift Valley. The lava flows of Mikeno date from about 2.6 Ma to its youngest 0.2 Ma.
Map of Virunga Volcanic Complex Source of Information:
De Mulder, M.; 1986 K-Ar geochronology of the Karisimbi volcano (Virunga, Rwanda-Zaire; J. Afr. Earth Sci.; p.575-76.
Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
Elevation: 15,000 ft (4565 m) Meru is a stratovolcano in Tanzania. Its history has been quite explosive. It has had four eruptions, the last of which occurred in 1910. Lava erupted from Meru varies from thin flows to thick intusive domes. The main cone of the volcano has a caldera which is 2.2 miles (3.5 km) in diameter. It has a huge breach on its eastern side. A graben runs down the side of the volcano from this breach. Many debris flows came through the breach in the caldera. These cover 1500 sq...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
Elevation: 760 m
Shuttle Imaging Radar-A (SIR-A) image 10060515 looking southwest towards the peninsula of Methana. Image taken on November 19, 1981.
Simplified geologic map of Methana from Georgalas (1962). The peninsula of Methana is made of lava domes and lava flows. Volcanism began in the late Tertiary or early Quaternary. The most recent activity has been at Kameno Vouno, on the Northwest part of the peninsula. There was an explosive eruption at this vent in 258 BC. The eruption also produced a dome and...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
Elevation: 6,813 feet (2,077 m)
Merriam Cone is a cinder cone that also erupted three lava flows . One flow dammed the Little Colorado River 7.5 miles (12 km) to the northeast. The flow continued an additional 15 miles (24 km) down the canyon. This flows has been dated at 150,000 years old. This area was used to train Apollo astronauts because of the variety of volcanic landforms available. Photo by Steve Mattox, 1989.
Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
Elevation: 3,250 feet (990 m) Mount Michael is a mostly ice-covered stratovolcano. A crater (diameter: 2,300 feet, 700 m) and somma ridge are located at the summit. An explosive eruption was reported at the central vent in 1819. Vapor emissions were observed in 1820 and 1964. -Steve Mattox
Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
Elevation: 10,315 feet (3,145 m)
Merbabu is a stratovolcano in central Java with two explosive eruptions in 1560 and 1797. An explosive eruption was reported in 1570 but not confirmed. Explosions from the 1797 eruption were moderate in size (Volcanic Explosivity Index = 2) . Source of Information: Simkin, T., and Siebert, L., 1994, Volcanoes of the World: Geoscience Press, Tucson, Arizona, 349 p.
Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
Location: 14.5S, 168.1E
Elevation: 3,372 feet (1,028 m) Mere Lava is a Holocene stratovolcano with no definite eruptions in historic time. An eruption may have occurred in 1606 but it has not been confirmed.
Source: University of North Dakota's Volcano World
Elevation: 7472 ft. (2278 m)
This black and white picture is a mosaic of two airphotos showing the general geology and the roughness of different lava flows on the caldera's floor. Menengai consists of a caldera located on a shield volcano in the Kenya Rift Valley. The roughly 5 mile (8 km) wide caldera is complex in outline, suggesting that there were different periods of collapse for each part. There are remains of small cinder cones on the floor of the caldera; some showing fumarole ...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
Elevation: 9,548 feet (2,911 m)
Last Updated: 29 December 2000
More Information Merapi is a stratovolcano in central Java. Merapi has had 68 historic eruption since 1548. The current eruption began in 1987. Because of Merapi's violent past and its close proximity to Yogyakarta it was designated a Decade Volcano and is the target of increased research efforts. Photo by Jack Lockwood, U.S. Geological Survey, September 6, 1982. ...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
Elevation: 2,805 feet (855 m)
Paul J. Buklarewicz .
Location map for the Kutcharo and Mashu calderas from Newhall and Dzurisin (1988).
Space Shuttle photo STS059-0154-0113 looking southwest across east Hokkaido.
Mashu. Photograph by Mike Lyvers
Space Shuttle photo STS059-0207-0037 of the Shibetsu area. Source of Information: Newhall, C.G., and Dzurisin, D., 1988, Historical unrest at large calderas of the world: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1855,...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
Elevation: 6,400-6,500 feet (1,950-1,980 m)
Miocene to Holocene volcanic fields and the Jemez lineament. From Ander and others (1981). 1. Springerville 4. Jemez Mountains 7. Raton-Clayton 2. Zuni-Bandera 5. Taos 3. Mount Taylor 6. Ocate The Zuni - Bandera volcanic field is located in eastern New Mexico near the Jemez lineament. The Jemez lineament is the surface expression of a weakness in the crust. The Zuni - Bandera volcanic field trends...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.
Elevation: 5,619 feet (1,713 m)
North and South Menan Buttes are two of the world's largest tuff cones. Their volumes are 0.16 cubic miles (0.70 cubic km) and 0.07 cubic miles (0.30 cubic km), respectively. Diamond Head. a better known tuff cone, has a volume of 0.15 cubic miles (0.6 cubic km). Photo by Mike Lovas, NASA-Ames, 1969. Figure 5-67 in Greeley, 1977.
The deposits that make the cones are fairly uniform and without structures or with thin beds. The tuff is lapilli -size particles made...
Read more at University of North Dakota's Volcano World.